ポロリムセ アンキ ノ。
Pororimse an=ki no.
Let us dance pororimse.
ヤマウ アンカル ワ アンエ ノ。
Yamaw an=kar wa an=e no.
Let us make yamaw and eat.
Pororimse, known as Waodori in Japanese, is a traditional dance in a circle after a festival. The Ainu word pororimse literally means "Great Dance", and the Japanese waodori means "Circled Dance." Yawaw is a traditional Ainu dish, which literally means "cold (yam) soup (ohaw)."
The suggestive sentences used in Lesson 40 with particle no were all intransitive, and the pronominal affix =an was placed after the verb. However, when the sentence takes an object and the verb made transitive, then the affix is placed before the verb as an=. The pronominal affix can never be omitted.
"Let us watch a movie"
○ 映画 アンヌカル ノ。 Eiga an=nukar no.
× 映画 ヌカル ノ。 Eiga nukar no.
In addition, no may cause a sound change in the preceding word. If the preceding word ends with a small Katakana ラリルレロ or an r in Roman Ainu, this r is dropped and nasalized as ン(n) to ease the pronunciation.
アンカル ノ An=kar no "Let us make..."
-> アンカン ノ An=kan no
アンヌカル ノ An=nukar no "Let us see..."
-> アンヌカン ノ An=nukan no
1) Let's ride metro.
2) Let's go to Tomakomai and find a cheap room.
1) 地下鉄 アンオ ノ Chikatetsu an=o no.
2) トマコマイ エン パイェアン ワ アタイサク トゥンプ アンエシタン ノ Tomakomai en paye=an wa ataysak tumpu an=estan no
| オ | O | To ride |
| アン | An= | We |
| ノ | No | Suggestive |
| 地下鉄（チカテツ） | Chikatetsu | Metro, subway |
| トゥンプ | Tumpu | Room |
| トマコマイ | Tomakomai | Tomakomai (pn.) |
| エン | En | To, towards |
| パイェ | Paye | To go (pl.) |
| アタイサク | Ataysak | To be cheap |
| エシタン | Estan | To find, search |
| ワ | Wa | And |
| エ | E | To eat |
| カル | Kar | To make |
| キ | Ki | To do |
タント メアン ナ。
Tanto mean na.
Today is cold.
カンピソシ ポロンノ クコル ナ。
Kampisos poronno ku=kor na.
I have a lot of books.
カンピソシ kampisos "book" is a compound noun made of kampi "paper" and sos, a rarely used word for collection of flimsy materials. Some speakers may just say "hon" (本) as a Japanese loanword.
The assurance particle na does not carry any semantic meaning, and the above examples make sense even if na is removed. This is used when the speaker provides information which the speaker wants the listener to pay attention: cf. "You know, it’s cold outside." This roughly corresponds to Japanese particle yo.
Like no from lesson 41, na may cause a sound change if the preceding word ends in small Katakana ラリルレロ or an r. R in the preceding word is then nasalized and becomes ン / n.
クコル ナ -> クコン ナ
ku=kor na -> ku=kon na
1) This melon is cheap but tastes good (and I assure you)
2) As for me, I understand Ainu language a little (so that you know)
1) タパン メロン アタイサク コルカイ ケラアン ナ Tapan Melon ataysak korkay keraan na.
2) クアニ アナク アイヌイタク ポンノ クエラムアン ナ Kuani anak aynuitak ponno ku=eramuan na.
| アタイサク | Ataysak | To be cheap |
| タパン | Tapan | This |
| ナ | Na | Assurance particle |
| メロン | Meron | Melon |
| コルカイ | Korkay | Although |
| ケラアン | Keraan | To taste good, to be tasty |
| ク | Ku= | I |
| アナク | Anak | Topic marker |
| アイヌイタク | Ainuitak | Ainu language |
| エラムアン | Eramuan | To understand |
| クアニ | Kuani | I |
| ポンノ | Ponno | A little |
| コル | Kor | To have, hold |
| タント | Tanto | Today |
| ポロンノ | Poronno | A little |
| メアン | Mean | To be cold |
鉛筆 エコル ヤ？
Enpitsu e=kor ya?
Do you have a pencil?
ウクラン イメル アッ ヤ？
Ukuran imeru at ya?
Did lightning strike last night?
At is "to appear" or "occur", such as light, smoke, smell or gas. It is also found in compound nouns such as urarat "to become misty", huraat "to become fragrant", nupekiat "light appears, shine" or supyaat "smoke appears."
Imeru is "lightening", as opposed to kamuyhum , "thunder". It is made of i "that (of god)" and meru "brightness."
Ya is an interrogative particle attached at the end of the sentence to make it a question, roughly corresponding to Japanese ka. This can be omitted if you just raise the tone at the end of the sentence.
ワッカ エク？ Wakka e=ku?
You drink water?
アイヌイタク エチエランペテク？ Ainu itak eci=eranpetek?
You (pl.) know Ainu language?
1) Is your aunt's house big?
2) Do you (pl.) work every day? (lit. Do you be while working every day?)
1) エコル ウナルペ チセヘ ポロ ヤ E=kor unarpe cisehe poro ya.
2) ケシト エチモンライケ カネ エチオカイ ヤ Kesto eci=monrayke kane eci=okay ya.
| コル | Kor | To have, hold |
| ヤ | Ya | Interrogative particle |
| ポロ | Poro | To be big |
| ウナルペ | Unarpe | Aunt |
| エ | E= | You (sg.) |
| シセヘ | Cisehe | Home, house (genitive) |
| カネ | Kane | While |
| ケシト | Kesto | Everyday |
| モンライケ | Monrayke | To work |
| エチ | Eci= | You (pl.) |
| オカイ | Okay | Copula (pl.) |
| オクラン | Ukuran | Last night, yesterday evening |
| 鉛筆（エンピツ） | Enpitsu | Pencil |
アルバイト クキ ルスイ。
Arbeit ku=ki rusuy.
I want to get (lit. "do") a part time job.
ルルモッペ エン パイェアシ ルスイ。
rurmotpe en paye=as rusuy.
We want to go to Rumoi.
Rusuy is a desiderative particle, roughly translated as "to want to do something." Without rusuy, the example sentences mean "I do a part time job" and "we go to Rumoi."
Rusuy is often used in compound words as well, as in iperusuy "to be hungry" (lit. to want to dine), mokonrusuy "to be sleepy" (lit. to want to sleep) and konrusuy "to want to have." Notice the sound changes of mokor and kor to mokon and kon here.
1) I want to buy a new watch.
2) Do you want to go to Sakhalin?
1) アシリ 時計 クホク ルスイ Asir Tokei ku=hok rusuy.
2) エチオカイ カラプト エン エチパイエ ルスイ ヤ Eciokay Karapto en eci=paye rusuy ya.
| ホク | Hok | To buy, purchase |
| アシリ | Asir | To be new |
| ク | Ku= | I |
| ルスイ | Rusuy | Desiderative particle |
| 時計（トケイ） | Tokei | Watch |
| エン | En | To, towards |
| ヤ | Ya | Interrogative particle |
| パイェ | Paye | To go (pl.) |
| エチ | Eci= | You (pl.) |
| カラプト | Karapto | Karafuto, Sakhalin (pn.) |
| エチオカイ | Eciokay | You (pl.) |
| アシ | =as | We (exclusive) |
| アルバイト | Arubaito | A part-time job, from German "Arbeit" |
| キ | Ki | To do |
| ルルモッペ | Rurmotpe | Rumoi (pn.) Rur "ocean", mo "silence", ot "to be", pe "place." "Where the silence of ocean is" |
ソンノ メアン クス ワッカ ルプシ。
Sonno mean kusu wakka rupus.
Water froze because it is very cold.
スキー チキ クス パイェアシ ルスイ。
Ski ci=ki kusu paye=as rusuy.
We want to go to ski.
Kusu is a causal particle attached at the end of the clause. Water froze because the weather was cold, and we want to go in order to (or, "because") we ski. Note that the word order is different from English: "A because B" would translate as "B kusu A" in Ainu. B is the reason or goal, and A is the reason. Keep in mind that the subordinate clause comes before the main clause in Ainu.
A common expression using kusu includes "… kusu ne." Literally it would mean "because it is so...", but in idiomatic usage this means "I am going to / planning to do."
Example:
韓国 エン クオマン クス ネ。
Kankoku en ku=oman kusu ne.
I am going to Korea. (I have planned to do so.)
In the second sentence you find ci= and =as used in the same sentence. They are both first person plural exclusive pronominal affixes, that the "we" does not include the listener. Ki takes transitive ci= because it has an object (ski), while paye doesn't because there is no destination (object) specified, thus intransitive =as.
1) Now I'm going back because I am tired.
2) We want to go to Hawaii for surfing.
1) クシンキ クス タネ クホシピ Ku=sinki kusu tane ku=hosipi.
2) サーフィン チキ クス ハワイ エン パイエアシ ルスイ Surfing ci=ki kusu Hawaii en=paye as rusuy.
| ク | Ku= | I |
| クス | Kusu | Causal particle |
| ホシピ | Hosipi | To return |
| タネ | Tane | Now |
| シンキ | Sinki | Tired |
| アシ | =As | We (intransitive exclusive) |
| ハワイ | Hawai | Hawaii |
| サーフィン | Safin | Surfing |
| エン | En | To, towards |
| ルスイ | Rusuy | Desiderative particle |
| チ | Ci= | We (transitive exclusive) |
| スキー | Suki | Ski. Ski was used by Sakhalin Ainu to move around in the snow-piled mountains, but it is unlikely that it was so in Hokkaido. |
| ソンノ | Sonno | Very, truly |
| メアン | Mean | To be cold |
| ルプシ | Rupus | To freeze |
| ワッカ | Wakka | Water |
This is the end of part nine. You can continue with part X of this course.
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